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篇1

作为一个重要的基础学科，土木工程有其重要的属性：综合性，社会性，实践性，技术经济与艺术统一性。随着人类社会的进步而发展，土木工程至今已经演变成为大型综合性的学科，并已经出许多分支，如：建筑工程，铁路工程，道路工程，桥梁工程，特种工程结构，给水排水工程，港口工程，水利工程，环境工程等学科。土木工程共有六个专业：建筑学，城市规划，土木工程，建筑环境与设备工程，给水排水工程和道路桥梁工程。

通过一个学期土木工程概论课的学习，我已经深深地感受到土木工程涵盖的广泛，体味了前人取得的成就，也领悟了作为一名土木工程师的重大责任。当然，我们不能沉浸于现已取得的辉煌成就，止步不前。我们还应当与时俱进，去挖掘，去发现，去思考，去想象，去创新。在此，作为一名中国未来的土木工程师，我想结合土木工程的历史，结合我国的国情和世界形势，谈一谈土木工程的可持续发展之路。

My knowledge about civil engineering has been broadened since I became a student of Tongji University.

Civil engineering is a form of human activity. Human beings pursued it to change the natural environment for their own benefit. Buildings， transportations， facilities， infrastructures are all included in civil engineering.

The development of civil engineering has a long history. Our seniors had left a lot of great constructions to us. For example， Zhao Zhou Bridge is the representative of our Chinese civil engineering masterpieces. It has a history of more than 1300 years and is still service at present.

Civil engineering has been so rapid development of the period. A lot of new bridges have been constructed， and many greater plans are under discussion. China is a large county. And she is still well developing. So this era will be both exciting and rewarding for the Chinese Civil Engineers. And of course， civil engineering’s future is promising.

However， civil engineers will be facing more complex problems. We should pay attention to the growing population and a lot of deteriorating infrastructures. We should prepare for the possibility of natural disasters. To meet grow needs in the future; we should also try to update all the transportation systems.

To deal with these problems， we will have to develop innovative and enterprising skills. And we should choose a way that we can go continuously. Hazard Mitigation may be a great choice. Not only can it save money in the long run， but also avoid getting into an embarrassing situation in which we have to rebuild all the broken buildings. And we should also use more environmentally friendly materials when designing or constructing new buildings.

Well， to be a brilliant civil engineer is not easy. Today， engineering is a synthetic system. It not only depends on traditional mechanics， but also closely related to advanced science. So Physics， Chemistry， Material Science， Computer Science and perhaps more are all in our civil engineering program.

To be a good civil engineer， we should have the ability to apply the knowledge， to design a system， a component， or a procedure of construction. We should also be able to conduct experiments and explain the results. Furthermore， an engineer never works alone， so we shall cooperate with working team， and try our best to communicate effectively.

I’m very glad to be a student in this wonderful field. And I will try my best to be a successful civil engineer， to make contributions to our motherland.

1．对土木工程的历史、现状和未来发展的认识

1．1．1古代土木工程

古代土木工程具有很长的时间跨度，它大致从公元前5000年的新石器时代到17世纪中叶，前后约7000年。在房屋建筑、桥梁工程、水利工程、高塔工程等方面都取得了辉煌的成就。一些文明古国的不少传世杰作，至今巍然屹立。譬如我国的长城，埃及的金字塔等。公元6世纪建成的赵州桥，是世界上最早的敞肩式拱桥，于1991年被美国土木工程学会选为世界上地12个土木工程里程碑。

1．1．2近代土木工程

近代土木工程的时间跨度从17世纪中叶到20世纪中叶，前后约300年时间。在此期间，建筑材料从以天然材料为主转向以人造材料为主，建造理论也从主要以总结长期建造经验向重视科学兼顾经验转变。建造技术方面，一些性能优异的大型机械伴随着各种极为有效的施工方法的出现，使得人们开始能建造结构复杂或所处环境恶劣的土木工程。期间建成的埃菲尔铁塔、帝国大厦和金门悬索桥，至今仍不失为伟大的土木工程。

1．1．3现代土木工程

现代土木工程起始于20世纪中叶。发展至今，土木工程在建筑材料、结构理论和建造技术方面都取得了极其巨大的进步。

建筑材料方面，高强度混凝土、高强低合金钢、高分子材料、钢化玻璃越来越多地出现在建筑上。结构理论方面，利用电子计算机强大的运算和绘图能力，力学分析和计算的结果更加符合结果的实际情况，使得在结构设计上更为可靠。对于建筑技术，已经发展到机—电—计算机的一体化，施工过程中，不论是上天、入地还是翻山、下海，都已不是施工的障碍了；而焊接技术的普遍使用，也使得钢结构的发展进入了一个新的阶段。

现代土木工程造就的举世瞩目的建筑有：我国台北的国际金融中心，上海金茂大厦，马来西亚吉隆坡的石油大厦双塔楼，法国的诺曼底斜拉桥等。

1．2对土木工程的现状的认识

现今的土木工程，正日益同它的使用功能或生产工艺紧密结合。

公共和住宅建筑物要求的建筑、结构、给水排水、采暖、通风、供燃气、供电等现代技术设备日益结合成为整体。